The assumption of exclusive high-powered spectrum use is being questioned as spectrum sharing gains traction. This approach isn’t new; many frequency allocations already have multiple users coexisting. Unlicensed bands, such as those used by Wi-Fi, demonstrate successful spectrum sharing. However, cellular systems traditionally used exclusive bands, obtained through costly auctions.
Spectrum Sharing Innovations
Spectrum sharing is evolving, especially with 4G and 5G networks coexisting with incumbents like the military. The Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) band exemplifies this, using advanced coordination to balance commercial and national security needs. This approach is democratizing access, allowing diverse network owners and investors to benefit.
Success of CBRS
CBRS has around 400,000 active access points across various sectors. Traditional carriers, enterprises, and government bodies are part of this ecosystem. The collaboration between stakeholders has led to improved rules, extending spectrum access to millions more people and their employers.
New Use-Cases and Bands
New CBRS applications are emerging, from distance learning to enhanced in-building coverage. Additional bands, such as the Lower 3 GHz, are being considered for similar sharing models. The National Spectrum Strategy (NSS) highlights future bands that may benefit from sharing.
Global Coordination
International regulators are observing the US model of spectrum sharing. Countries like the UK and those in the EU are developing their own approaches. This global movement towards spectrum sharing aims for better alignment and potential harmonization.
Conclusion
There is no more “greenfield” spectrum for exclusive licensing. Every band has incumbent users wanting more spectrum. Smart spectrum policies, akin to precision irrigation, can cater to diverse needs. Advanced sharing scenarios, like those in the NSS, free up spectrum while protecting national security. The success of CBRS sets a promising precedent for future spectrum sharing models.
Democratizing spectrum access fosters innovation and competition in mobile services. The US’s leadership in spectrum sharing platforms offers strategic and commercial advantages. The cellular industry’s active participation in this evolution is crucial as we move towards 6G.
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